Internal combustion engine The gasoline plant manufacturer. Russian boat motors - tips when choosing. Diesel engines from Cummins

It is believed that in Russia now there are little equipment, which, moreover, is extremely low quality, which is lagging behind the quality of foreign samples. However, everything is far from this: now in our country, engineering, including engine construction for various industries: automotive, tractor buildings, shipbuilding, aircraft manufacturing, production of generator equipment, etc. And plants producing motors in Russia are not less than three dozen.

In a series of articles, we will look at the main enterprises for the production of engines: from producers with respect to small passenger engines to the impressive size of industrial power plants.

This article - short review Manufacturers of passenger engines.

OJSC AvtoVAZ

AvtoVAZ is one of the most famous domestic enterprises producing cars of popular and the legendary families "Zhiguli", "Niva" and others. The Volzhsky Automotive Plant was founded in 1966 in the city of Tolyatti, and in 1970, the first "kopecks" of the VAZ-2101 came up from the conveyor. Today AvtoVAZ produces several new car families, as well as all the necessary components and engines for them.

	Injector gas engine volume of 1.6 liters and with a capacity of 82 hp. Used to install in cars Lada Kalina. And Lada Granta.		Injector gasoline engine with a volume of 1.4 liters and with a capacity of 89 hp, corresponds to the ecological standards "Euro-3" and "Euro-4". Used on various modifications of the LADA KALINA car (VAZ-11174, VAZ-11184 and VAZ-11194).
	One of the oldest vase engines, gasoline, carburetor, working volume of 1.5 liters and with a capacity of 71 hp Mounted on Classic VAZ cars (VAZ-2103 models, VAZ-2153, VAZ-2106, VAZ-2107 and others).		Injector gasoline engine with a capacity of 1.45 l with a capacity of 68 hp. Used on "classic" models of VAZ-2103, VAZ-2104, VAZ-21053, VAZ-2106, VAZ-2107.
	The carburetor gasoline engine with a volume of 1.6 liters and with a capacity of 74.5 hp. It is installed on cars VAZ "Classic", as well as on VAZ-2121 "Niva", "Moskvich-2141" and others. Complies with the ecological standards "Euro-2". Also produced injector modification of VAZ-21067 with the same characteristics and applicability.		Carburetor gasoline engine with a volume of 1.5 liters and a capacity of 69 hp .. One of the most common engines. It is installed on VAZ-2108 cars, VAZ-21083, VAZ-2109, VAZ-21093, VAZ-21099, VAZ-2113, VAZ-2114 and VAZ-2115.
	Injector gasoline engine with a volume of 1.5 liters and with a capacity of 77 hp. Used in the same models of VAZ cars as Motor VAZ-21083.		The gasoline injection engine with a working volume of 1.6 liters and with a capacity of 81.6 hp. It has the wider use of models from VAZ-2109 in front-wheel drive vehicles to VAZ-2112, as well as on Lada Kalina.
	VAZ-21116I. One of the new injector gasoline engines has a volume of 1.6 liters and the power of 90 hp. Applied on Lada Granta cars.		The gasoline injection motor with a volume of 1.6 liters and with a capacity of 89 hp. One of the relatively new modifications for VAZ-2110 cars, VAZ-2111 and VAZ-2112.
	Injector gasoline engine with a volume of 1.6 liters and a capacity of 98 hp. Used to install on car Lada. Priora.		The powerful injection engine with a volume of 1.8 l and a capacity of 105 hp. It is used for installation on VAZ-2110 cars, VAZ-2111 and VAZ-2112, as well as new Lada Priora.. This engine is made by the Super-Auto company on request AvtoVAZ.
	The carburetor gasoline engine with a volume of 1.7 liters and with a capacity of 79 hp. It is used on the VAZ of the Niva family, as well as on the VAZ-2120 "Hope".		Injector gasoline engine with a volume of 1.7 liters and with a capacity of 81 hp. It is installed on the "Niva" family and "hope".
	The gasoline injection engine with a volume of 1.7 liters and with a capacity of 81 hp. Designed for installation in cars VAZ-2123 "Chevrolet-Niva".		Carburetor 1.7-liter, 82-strong gasoline engine, developed on the basis of the VAZ-21213 motor. It applies on the same vehicles, gives them improved dynamic characteristics.

OJSC Zavolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ)

The Savolzhsky Motor Plant was founded in 1956 in the city of Zavolzhye of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Initially, he produced products for the gas plant gas (being his branch), but already in 1958 ZMZ became an independent enterprise. The company has launched production of 4 and 8-cylinder automotive engines, these directions remain for ZMZ priority today. Currently, ZMZ is part of the company UAZ.

	Carburetor gasoline four-cylinder engines with a capacity of 100 hp. Install on passenger and lungs trucks UAZ and gas.		Carburetor gasoline four-cylinder engine with a capacity of 95 hp. It is used for installation on passenger and low-tonnage trucks UAZ and gas.
	Gasoline carburetor four-cylinder engine with a capacity of 96 hp .. installed in Cars UAZ increased passibility.		Injector gasoline four-cylinder engine with a capacity of 152 hp, corresponds to the ecological standards "Euro-2". It is used for installation on trucks and minibuses "Gazelle".
	Some of the newest zMZ engines (issued since 2013), gasoline, injection, four-cylinder, with a capacity of 140.5 hp Comply with the ecological standards "Euro-4". Used on Gazelle cars "Business".		Injector gasoline 4-cylinder engines of the ZMZ-406 family have a capacity of 144-145 hp, model 40621.10 is the development of model 4062.10, it has the best performance indicators, and corresponds to the Euro-2 environmental class. Both engines are used on the passenger cars UAZ and Gas (Volga).
	The carburetor gasoline 4-cylinder engine with a capacity of 110 hp, is a modification of the ZMZ-4062.10 motor. Finds use on trucks and minibuses UAZ and Gazelle.		Injector gasoline engine, inline 4-cylinder, has a capacity of 143 hp, complies with the ecological standards "Euro-2". Mounted on CSDs UAZ of high passability.
	Injector gasoline engine with a capacity of 125 hp, complies with Euro-3 standards. Serially produced since 2007, installed on UAZ trucks and UAZ cars with a all-metal van.		Injector gasoline engine with a capacity of 125 hp, one of the newest developments of ZMZ (issued since 2012), corresponds to the ecological standards "Euro-4". Used as a power plant in UAZ high-pass vehicles.
	Gasoline injection 4-cylinder engines with a capacity of 140.5 hp, comply with the ecology requirements "Euro-4". Installed on a new generation of UAZ cars - Hunter, Patriot, Pickup and Cargo.		Carburetor gasoline 8-cylinder V-engine capacity of 125 hp, used on cargo vehicles Gas medium load capacity.
	Carburetor gasoline V-shaped 8 cylinder engine with a capacity of 125 hp, used as a power plant on cargo vehicles Middle loading gas - GAZ-3307, GAZ-33074 and GAZ-3308 "Sadko".		Carburetor V-shaped 8-cylinder gasoline engines with a capacity of 130 hp are installed on GAZ-3307 and GAZ-3308 trucks, as well as for buses PAZ-3205 and PAZ-3206.
	A gasoline carburetor Valid 8-cylinder engine with a capacity of 124 hp, complies with the norms of the ecological class "Euro-4". Released since 2013 is installed on the buses in Paz-3205 and Paz-3206.		Carburetor gasoline V-shaped 8-cylinder engine with a capacity of 123 hp and a working volume of 4.25 liters. Used on various special equipment.
	Diesel 4-cylinder row engine with a capacity of 98 hp It is installed on passenger and light trucks UAZ and Gazelle.		New (issued since 2012) diesel 4-cylinder row engine with a capacity of 113.5 hp Equipped with fuel equipment COMMON RAIL. from Bosch and turbocharger. Complies with the norms "Euro-4". Installed on Cars UAZ HUNTER, PATRIOT, CARGO and PICKUP.

LLC "Nizhny Novgorod Motors"

The history of the plant "Nizhny Novgorod Motors" began in 1932 with the basis of a separate engine shop in the Nizhny Novgorod Auto Plant. Already in 1941, on the eve of the war, the company released his million motor. During the war, the plant has established the release of tank and aircraft engines, but since 1946 the company has again switched exclusively on gas engines. Today, "Nizhny Novgorod Motors" are one of the main enterprises of the Division "Power Units" "Gas Group".

	Diesel 4-cylinder row engines with a capacity of 95.2 hp, equipped with a turbocharger, correspond to the ecological standards "Euro-1" and "Euro-2". This model The engine is collected under the license of the Austrian company Steyr. Applied on Gazelle cars, Sable and Volga.		The more powerful (110 hp) version of the GAZ-560 motor, due to the increased power, finds the use of both on Gazelle cars, Sobol and Volga, and on the new GAZ-2308 "Ataman".
	Diesel 4-cylinder row motors with a capacity of 110 hp, comply with the requirements of the Euro-3 environmental class. It is used on Gazelle cars, Sable and Volga.		Diesel 6-cylinder row engine with a capacity of 110 hp, corresponds to the Euro-2 environmental standards. It is installed on GAZ-33081 trucks, "Valdai", on the Military Car "Tiger" and a special car of increased patency "Vodnik".
	Diesel 4-cylinder engine with a capacity of 110 hp, due to the use of the neutralizer complies with the requirements of the ecological class "Euro-4". Mounted on cars "Volga", "Gazelle" and "Sable".

OJSC "Ulyanovsk Motor Plant" (UMN)

The Ulyanovsky Motor Plant was founded in 1944, but in fact he began his work back in 1941, together with the evacuation in the Ulyanovsk capacity of Moscow car factory named after I.S. Stalin. In wartime, the enterprise collected "other people" engines and cars, after the war, the release of small engines began, and only since 1969 the plant began to produce automotive power plants Under the brand name Today, UMS is part of the GAZ Group, plants engines are used to install on domestic cars Gazelle and UAZ.

	Petrol carburetor engines With a capacity of 96 hp, two modifications (two more removed from production), used on Gazelle cars.		Two families of gasoline injection engines with a capacity of 107 hp, only 14 modifications that are used on Gazelle and Sable cars. Comply with the ecological standards "Euro-3".
	Gasobenzine injection engine with a capacity of 100 hp and the ecological class "Euro-4", three modifications. Equipped with Delphi fuel equipment, used on Gazelle cars.		Injector gas-substituted engines with a capacity of 99 hp, three modifications "Euro-3" are used on Gazelle cars.
	Injector gasoline engine 107 hp and the ecological class "Euro-4". Four modifications, all equipped with Delphi fuel equipment, also have additional equipment for installing air conditioning and other systems. Used on Gazelle cars.		Injector gasoline engine with a capacity of 99 hp, complies with the norms "Euro-3", applied on Gazelle cars. Distinctive feature - brackets of fastening the "old" sample.
	UMS-4178. Carburetor gasoline engines, two modifications with a capacity of 76 and 82 hp and with various equipment. Used on UAZ cars. The model is removed from production.		UMT-421 Carburetor gasoline engine with a capacity of 98 hp, has the widespread use on UAZ cars.
	UMS-4213 Line of injection gasoline engines, including six modifications with a capacity of 99 to 107 hp Environmental classes "Euro-2" and "Euro-3". Various modifications are used in the UAZ cars of the passenger and cargo families.		UMS-4218. Carburetor gasoline engines with a capacity of 89 hp, relevant three modifications (three more, with a capacity of 98 hp, removed from production) used on UAZ vehicles.

This article discussed the main engine manufacturers for domestic passenger cars. Such an overview for engines for cargo vehicles - in the next article.

Currently, there are several dozen factories of manufacturers in Russia and neighboring countries road equipmentMost of which are consumers of diesel engines. Of the entire rather long list of manufacturers of construction and road equipment, its own production of motors has been established only in the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant

In the old days, one of the main suppliers of motors for construction equipment was motor plant from Kharkov. Now the production at this enterprise is actually stopped, but at the manufacturers of construction and road equipment the choice of motors appeared at the time when the distribution system was canceled.

To date, the most distribution on domestic construction and road machines found motors Minsk motor factory, yaroslavl Autodiesel, Altai motor factory and Vladimir Motor Tractor Plant. Apply your contribution CHTZ-URALTRA. and Tutaevsky Motor Factory.

From foreign motors in the Russian market were distributed Cummins, Deutz, Perkins, Hatz, Kubota, John Deere.

And recently, domestic manufacturers of construction and road equipment seeking to increase technical Level Machines, more and more often refer to import units.

Motors of less than 1 l

It so happened that in Russia diesel engines with a working volume of less than one liter applied on mini-technician, produces a single enterprise - CHTZ-Ural:

The only model of the enterprise is 2-cylinder air intake 8.2 / 7.8 The volume of 0.8 l and with a capacity of 8.8 kW.
The engine has found an application not only on the mini-tractor of Uralets, which is manufactured by the TPE-URAL, but also on the technique of other enterprises:
- the small tractor of KMZ-012 Kurganmashzavod,
- on diesel generator installations,
- pumping units
- and welding machines of a number of Russian manufacturers.

Other motors in the considered liter range we do not produce, although the need for them exists. Here foreigners took the initiative to his hands:

Hatz. Invites Russian manufacturers of mini-technician impressive list of diesel with air cooled:

Single-cylinder motors Series 1B and 1D Presented by 13 models of a working volume of 0.23-0.72 l with a capacity of 3.5-11.7 kW. There are options with a horizontal cylinder and vertical crankshaft.
Two-Cylinder Motors 2G Series Also have a model of less than one liter (0.99 l) with a capacity of 16 kW. Perkins to the Russian market supplies two models 400 series of less than one liter - 2-cylinder (volume - 0.45 l, power -10.2 kW) and 3-cylinder (volume - 0.67 l, power - 15.3 kW ).

Kubota. Known as a manufacturer of small-sized diesel engines: KNAM supplied a line of motors with a capacity of 4.4 kW.

The lineup Deutz.also includes a mini-model of a working volume of 0.7 liters with a capacity of 11 kW.

Motors with a volume of 1.0 - 3.5 liters

In a higher liter range (1-3.5 liters), only products are present from domestic engines. Vladimir Motor Tractor Plant (NTTZ):

Air cooling engines - two-cylinder D-120 (Volume-2.08l, power - 15.4 - 22 kW) and three-cylinder D-130 (Volume -3.12 l, power - 29.4 - 33.1 kW) are well known to the Russian manufacturers of construction and road technicians:

D-120. Used on mini-loaders of Uralvagonzavod, on the fork loaders of the Mashawod. Kalinina, electrical units manufactured in Kursk and in the Vladimir region;

D-130. - on cement agents and roads of bezome. In Krasnogorsk technology, the turbocharged version of D-130T also applies.

They deserve attention to promising pellets tz-uralintended for a wide range of construction and road and other techniques.

A new family of compact V-shaped fluid cohalation diesel engines consists of 2-, 4- and 6-cylinder versions of the working volume, respectively, 1.17, 2.34 and 3.57 liters. Motors cover the power range from 13 to 73 kW. They are distinguished by low own weight and high performance.

As you can see, the proposals of domestic mini-engines producers are more than modest, aliens filled out the existing breech:

Only u Perkins. In the range of 1 - 3.5 liters there are nine models:
- 3-cylinder 440 series 1,13- and 1,49-liter power, respectively, 19.5 and 25.1 kW,
- 4-cylinder the same series 1.5- and 2.22 liters (26.5-44.7 kW),
- 4-cylinder 800 series 3.3-liter (47 and 60 kW),
- 3-cylinder 1100 series 3.3-liter (39.5 - 55 kW).

In this range of Deutz. Also nine models:
- 2-3-cylinder motors 2.4 - 3.2 liters with air cooling with a capacity of 36 - 44 kW and
- 2-, 3-, 4-cylinder 1.5 - 3.1 liters with liquid cooling with a capacity of 23.5 - 65 kW.

Hatz. Series L. and M. produced in 2-, 3- and 4-cylinders Performance by working volume, respectively, 1.71, 2.57 and 3.42 liters, with a capacity of 30-60 kW.
There are appropriate suggestions Kubota. and Cummins..

Perkins.applied by forklifts TVEX. Hatz. - on the automatic concrete mixers of the Tuimazinsko factory. Kubota. -on the diesel generators A number of manufacturers. And this is not a complete list.

Motors of 4.0 - 6.5 liters

The range of 4-6.5 liters is represented by the motors of two domestic manufacturers - Vladimir Motor-Tractor and Minsk Motor Plants (MMZ) (the latter will conditionally consider domestic).

VMTZ Releases three modifications 4-cylinder atmospheric motor D-144 4.15 l with a capacity of 27 - 44 kW.
Exists turbated version D-145T In two modifications with a capacity of 42 - 55 kW.
Both engines have a traditional air cooling for Vladimir Motors.

"Fours"from the NTPs have a wide range of consumers not only in Russia. They are used:
- Tuymazine factory of convulsions on concrete mixers and stationary concrete pumps,
- Roll - on the road skates,
- Uralvagonzavod - on mini-loaders,
- Poltava Turbomechny plant - at compressor stations and welding units.

D-144. It can be seen on the welding units of the Pervouralsky and Yekaterinburg factories, as well as on electrical units from Kursk and the Vladimir region.

4-cylinder row diesel engines The volume of 4.75 liters of production MMZ was obtained the greatest distribution on construction and road equipment produced by the enterprises of Russia and the CIS countries.

They are offered by two basic versions: atmospheric d-243 with a capacity of 60 kW and rEDUCH D-245with a capacity of 77 kW.
D-243 and D-245 apply:
- on several models of the frontal loaders of the Minsk, Orlovsky and Donetsk plants, as well as exvasters of TVex.
D-243 sets:
- on the forklifts of the Tver and Lviv plants,
- Motovilikhinsky and Kohanovsky excavators,
- Rybinsk, Minsk and Smolevichsky rollers,
- Bryansk graders.
D-245 sets:
- on the excavators of the Donetsk Excavator and the joint venture "Svyatovit",
- Asphalt pavers Irmaş.

The listed list of consumers is not finite.

Undoubtedly, the latest development is interesting. Altai motor factory - 4-cylinder engine D-340T Working volume 6.15 liters.

A new family of turbocharged water cooling diesel engines has a power range of 110-176.5 kW. Unconditional advantages of new items are Compact size and low specific fuel consumption, as well as performing promising environmental requirements of the Euro Standard 3.

Cummins, Deutz, Perkins, John Deere - the main players in the Russian marketoffering manufacturers of road construction equipment Motors of a range of 4 - 6.5 liters.

W. Deutz. More than 10 models of 4-6.47 l in 4-, 5- and 6-cylinder versions, some of them with air or with liquid cooling. Power varies from 59 to 155 kW.
Foundation model Row Cummins. This range consists of 4- and 6-cylinder engines of the series "IN".
PERKIN.s offers Russian consumers 4- and 6-cylinder motors with a volume of 4.4 and 6 l, the power of which ranges from 52 to 129.5 kW.

Deutz. Found an application on the concrete mixers of the Kamensky and Tuyimazinsky factories, as well as on Tuymazine concrete pumps, on the rinks of Rabat and Sasta, Cranex excavators.

Perkins. Cooperates with the Tver Excavator Plant, delivering it 4,4-liter models 1100 series for excavators and forklifts.

Cummins. Supplies motors for bulldozers and pipelayers Cheboksar internet, loaders and graders of the Oryol Plant "Dormash", CSDM graders and the Bryansk Arsenal, as well as for the technique of a number of manufacturers.

Engines volume 7 - 10 liters

The range of 7-10 liters in the conditional classification adopted in this article, from domestic motor plants, only partly cover the Minsk and Altai motor plants.

The first releases 6-cylinder row diesel engines D-260 The volume of 7.12 liters in atmospheric and turbocharged with a capacity of 96 and 114 kW.
Second - 4-cylinder row diesel engines The volume of 7.43 l of liquid cooling with a range of power from 33.5 to 134 kW. The Altai family includes four basic models ( A-41., D440., D-442., D-447.) More than 30 modifications.
This family includes motors both in hopeless execution and equipped with turbocharging.

D-260. Different modifications are shipped to Tver excavators, Bryansk asphalt pavers and motor graders.

Circle of consumers of Altai motors is wider: A-41. - Pneumocole cranes, automotive drivers, tractors, drilling rigs, pumping stations, diesel generator sets; D-440. - diesel generators, rollers, tractors; D-442. - Front loaders, automotive drivers, tractors, compressor stations. D-447. Applied on ships.

CHTZ-URALTRA. in Arsenale promising developments It has 8-liter row "four" with turbochargedwith a capacity of 66.2 - 77.2 kW. It remains to wait when a modern engine will rise from production and will be offered to manufacturers of construction and road machinery.

In the range under consideration, the Russian market is supplied Cummins, Deutz. and J. ohn Deere.

An example of using motors Deutz.the volume of 7.14 liters is the excavators of the production of Kraeks and Uralvagonzavod.
Cummins. Also used on a number of cars domestic production.

Motors of 10 - 15 liters

In the lithric range of 10-15 liters the most common motors Yaroslavl and Altai motor factories.
The overwhelming majority of severe domestic construction and road vehicles are equipped with Yaroslavl models. YAMZ-236. and YAMZ-238.as well as Altai A-01..
Yaroslavls produce about 20 modifications of 11.15-liter V-shaped "Six" YAMZ-236used on the widest spectrum of models of wheel and tracked construction and road equipment. Motor power is in the range of 112-186 kW.
The second basic model - 14.86-liter V-shaped "eight" yamz-238 It takes no less popular from manufacturers of technology and also has two dozen modifications with a capacity of 134-246 kW.
Both models are offered both in atmospheric and the upgrade version.
Modern option 8-cylinder instance - YAMZ-7511 / YAMZ-7512 Complies with Euro 2 standards and has a higher power - 268-298 kW. Performed only with turbocharging.

Currently Altai Motor Factory continues the release of the upgraded version of the well-known 6-cylinder row diesel of 11.15 L. A-01Mxix. Simple design, durable and unpretentious in operation, motor-turbocharging motor satisfies the requirements of numerous consumers. In modern execution, the engine is equipped with individual cylinder heads, a direct electrostarity launch system and an alternator with a power of 1 kW.

In general, the family of 6-cylinder row "six" includes two basic models and about 20 modifications. This family includes motors both in undegraved performance and equipped with turbocharged, the power range of which is 70-175 kW.

All serial diesel motors are characterized by a high degree of unification of nodes and parts.

Multi-fuel 4-cylinder inline 14,48-liter turbodiesel D-180 The production of CHTZ-Uralswood mainly found the application on construction equipment produced by this company, tractors and diesel generator sets.
However, the manufacturer positions it for use on various construction and road techniques.

D-180.currently produced Complies with the norms of Euro 2 and able to work on a diesel population, on kerosene and gas condensate.

Motors are available in the power range of 103-132 kW. At the request of the consumer, 40-157 kW motors can be made, both in a turbocharged and atmospheric versions.

In the future, the designers of the enterprise developed a replacement D-180. New 12-liter 6-cylinder motor S. ; in line with cylinders.
!!! The main advantage of the motor is a smaller almost on a ton of mass compared to d-180 !!!

From foreign manufacturers 10-15-liter range covered Deutz, Cummins and John Deere.

Deutz. It offers several modifications of 6-cylinder motors with a volume of 11.9 liters, with a capacity of 240-330 kW and 8-cylinder of 15.87 l, with a capacity of 400 - 440 kW. "Eight" Deutzwe found the use of BELAZ on career dump trucks.

Cummins.supplies to Russia 8-cylinder instances of the series "C"corresponding to the Environmental Standards of Tier 1 and Tier 2.

From the mid-90s, the company introduces a new generation diesel models Series "Quantum" (Series QSB.and QSC) with an integrated electronic control system and diagnostics. Reliability, durability, efficiency and environmental friendliness of diesel engines of this series almost twice the same indicators for the models of the previous generation. Motors of the series "Quantum" meet the most stringent environmental requirements of Tier 3.

Motors of 15-20 l

Motors of the largest litter (15-20 or more liters) are produced by Yaroslavl and Tutaevsky Motor plants as well CHTZ-URALTRA..

The youngest motors of the range under consideration are produced in Tutaev.
The company produces more than 20 modifications 8-cylinder V-shaped diesel engines 17.24 L. basic models 8481 and 8424 With turbocharged and intermediate cooled of upgrade air.

Thanks to a wide power range (257 - 367 kW), they are used on heavy automotive, road and special techniques, agricultural and industrial tractors, diesel power plants, the production of ship modifications has begun.
Traditional consumers of Tutaevsky diesel engines are BelAZ, Kirvsky Plant, Minsk, Bryansk and Kurgan plants wheel tractors. Moreover, the motors have found an application even on foreign technique. With overhaul, it is replaced by the native motors of Kato cranes, bulldozers and pipe layers Caterpillar and Komatsu to Tutaevsky.

Motors of 20 l

Yaroslavsky 12-cylinder V-shaped Motor YAMZ-850 It has a surround volume of 25.86 liters and power 328 - 418 kW. Such power plants are applied on severe construction techniques manufactured by OJSC InterTractor.

Motors of the greatest volume release CHTZ-URALTRA.. 38.88-liter 12-cylinder motors Produced by an enterprise for own needs (tractors 25 traction class).

Considering the current trend in the production of domestic construction equipment, when the consumer prefers more productive, reliable and economical foreign motors, Russian engineers will have to be not easy.

Pulling the terms Running the mass production of new models to an even greater degree will facilitate the spread of foreign engines on the Russian market.

In Russia, only three automakers opened their motor production As part of the second stage of the Government Program of Commissaries - under the conditions of which, we recall, from next year at least 30% of the machines must have localized engines. But if Volkswagen and Ford companies had to be rejected in Kaluga and Alabuga with a clean sheet, then the Renault-Nissan-AvtoVAZ alliance saved well, taking advantage of his mechanical manifold production in Togliatti.

The huge shop at a number 15/3 on the outskirts of the plant, where the engines have once been produced for VAZ-1111 cars, glitters clean floors and new equipment. He was put in order and updated by 2013, when the production of the elderly French motor 1.6 was adjusted here with the K4M490 index for all Russian cars on the platform B0, including Largus Largus. And from 2015, a more modern Nissanovsky Aggregate H4M was added to the gamma - in addition to Renault cars, it was put on a short time in Lada Xray.

Containers with components of the French Motor K4 (right) come from Europe, and the Nissanovsky Aggregate H4 - from Japan

VAZ production is designed for the production of 300 thousand Motors K4 and H4 per year, but still loaded only by half: in 2016, with the most optimistic situation, 160 thousand engines are collected here. For comparison, the power of AvtoVAZ for the release of own development aggregates is about 1 million per year, but is loaded even less - only by a third. By the way, Volkswagen can do up to 150,000 engines per year in Kaluga, and the estimated performance of the Fords plant is 105 thousand motors.

In the conveyor, the motors travel on a stand in which a microprocessor with a memory block is built - information about all assembly stages are recorded there.

However, if the Ford and Volkswagen plants are practically fully automated, then in Togliatti robots only carry the items from the improvised warehouse located next to the conveyor: the automatic platforms are blurred on their tracks, and if you get up on the way, angry and stop.

Each batch of cast and processed blocks and cylinder heads are tested for compliance with geometric parameters.

But all the assembly of motors is solely manually. The quality control system is "observant": behind the process and change of 74 workers are watching the masters and the head of the workshop. But at the output, the testing of each engine is not only a "cold" scrolling (when compression, oil pressure, operation of all systems and sensors), but also on the stand. Frank marriage, assure, the case is exceptional. I am sure, also because both engines are not particularly complex and competently designed - collect them incorrectly not so simple.

Mesh boxes on an automatic trolley - whale boxes in which the finished sets of parts are delivered to the necessary operations

And in common with Volkswagen and Ford engines with Volkswagen and Ford engines that the set of main parts, including blocks of cylinders, blocks and crankshaft heads, domestic. And if Volkswagen gets ready-made items from suppliers, and Ford - billets, then on AvtoVase loaded your own founder, having mastered the casting and blocks with the heads from the aluminum of the Ravy plants, as follows from Volgograd and even Far Eastern Comalco. True, we are talking only about the "fresh" Motor H4 - Veteran K4, obviously, will leave on peace following cars Lada Largus and Nissan Almera.Therefore, there is no meaning in its localization.

In addition to Vesti and Ixrey, the French gearboxes are assembled in Togliatti set on Largus Lada and Renault Duster.

In french mechanical boxes The transmissions of the JR series, which are collected under the same roof with engines, all components are imported. With the exception, except for the clutch crankcase at the version designed by Lada West with a Togliatti engine 21129. By the way, it is this power unit that leads the editorial Vesta, passing now - and questions after fifteen thousand kilometers.

Engines produced by AvtoVAZ OJSC
Model	Volume, L.	Number of valves	Power, hp / kW	Nm Torque	Applicability
212214/2123	1,7	8	80,9/59,5	127,5	Lada 4x4, Chevrolet Niva
11183	1,6	8	80,9/59,5	120	Datsun, Lada Grant
11186/21116	1,6	8	82,96/61	140	Datsun, Lada Grant, Lada Kalina
21127	1,6	16	106/78	148	Lada Priora, Lada Granta, Lada Kalina
21129	1,6	16	106/78	148	Lada Granta, Lada Vesta, Lada Xray
21179	1,8	16	122,5/90	173	Lada Vesta, Lada Xray
K4M490.	1,6	16	102/75	149	Lada Largus, Renault Logan, Renault Duster, Nissan Almera
N4m.	1,6	16	114,24/84	156	Lada Vesta, Lada Xray, Renault Fluence, Renault Duster

Progress and development in automotive industry Go fast. Similarly, the development of aggregates. Rating the best modern engines, Characteristics and cars on which they are installed.

The content of the article:

To talk about what engine is the best, gasoline or diesel, as well as about the manufacturer - Japanese, German or American - opinions are definitely shared. Some drivers prefer a powerful and reliable unit, others - the engine is designed for speed, and the third - to be durable and did not let down. The main difference of engines is the class of the car to which it will be installed. As a result, the volume of the aggregate, characteristics and power will be changed.

Car owners with experience will say that the main thing in the car, so that the engine is working normally. Usually the first signs of engine wear appear after 100-150 thousand mileage kilometers. Well, if the owner of the car is alone and looks behind the engine, but if from the beginning of the purchase there were several owners and did not look behind the engine, then repair would be necessary to be much earlier, and the cost can be much more.

Before buying a car, buyers often concerns the same question, which engine is better to choose. Some models of engines engineers thought out to the smallest detail, and despite the inexpensive cost of the machine, with the engine will not arise any problems. In the other case, by purchasing a dear premium class car, the engine does not leave 50 thousand km, as the first problems and breakage will begin to manifest.

Top automotive engines

Nowadays, engineers are developing the engine as far as quickly, which is sometimes not thought about the quality, in order to declare a new model of the aggregate. It is enough to recall small-calten versions with a turbocharger, in which the first breakdowns appear even to 40 thousand. But still, despite the rapid progress, there are legends in the updated version - these are the so-called "million people" who declared themselves from the best side.

Modern cars among specialists are considered one-time, as the engine repair and individual components can do, as the entire car from the cabin. Middle time Services of such cars from 3 to 5 years, but much will depend on the nature of the machine's operation. There are options, one and the same machine, with the same operating conditions, but different engines, can pass different distances. This is due to the presence of different engines, their quality assembly and development.

Rating of the best modern engines

Diesel million mark OM602 from Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz diesel engines are quite popular and won a good reputation among competitors. A famous diesel engine Mercedes-Benz has been developed in 1985, but during its existence survived not one modification, which made it possible to reach the present day. Not so powerful as competitors, but economical and hardy. The power of the unit is from 90 to 130 hp, depending on the modification, on modern cars it is marked as OM612 and OM647.

The mileage of many of these copies starts from 500 thousand kilometers, although there are also separate rare specimens, the record of which is a couple of million kilometers. This engine can be found on the Mercedes-Benz in the Body W201, W124 and in the transition W210. Also found on the G-Class SUV, Sprinter and T1 minibuses. Drivers with experience say that if it takes care of the replacement of the necessary parts and go through fuel system, the engine is almost not killed, which adds a lot of stars to its rating.

Bavarian BMW M57

Bavarian manufacturer BMW decided to keep up with Mercedes-Benz and developed a no less decent diesel engine M57. An inline 6-cylinder unit gained confidence in many car owners of this company. In addition to the previously said reliability, the unit is highlighted with power and aspects that it does not often occur on diesel engines. For the first time, the diesel unit M57 was installed on the BMW 330D E46, then the shorter was immediately transferred from the class of slow cars, to the class of sports and charged, despite the hood of diesel. The power of the unit depending on the modification ranges from 201 to 286 horses. In addition to BMW cars of all possible series, this engine is found on Range Rover cars. It is enough to recall the ethnographic expedition of Artem Lebedev and its famous "Momusika". It was under his hood that M57 was installed from the company BMW. The manufacturer's claimed mileage is about 350-500 thousand kilometers.

3F-SE gasoline engine from Toyota

Despite the huge mileage of diesel engines, most drivers prefer to buy a car with a gasoline engine. The gasoline unit does not freeze in the cold course of the year, and the device of the engine itself is much easier.

Long can argue which gasoline engine is better, and which is worse, because everyone has their pros and cons. List of 4-second cylinder petrol aggregates Opens 3F-SE from Toyota. The volume of the 2 liter unit and is designed for 16 valves, the timing drive is a belt and a fairly simple distributed injection Fuel. Average power depending on the modification of 128-140 horses. More advanced versions of the unit are equipped with turbines (3S-GTE). This modified unit can be found both on modern Toyota cars and older: Toyota Celica, Camry, Toyota Carina, Avensis, RAV4 and others.

The huge plus of this engine is the ability to freely transfer large loads, convenient location of nodes for maintenance, easy repair and thoughtfulness of individual parts. Upon the condition of good care and without overhaul, such an aggregate can calmly move out 500 thousand kilometers with a good stock for later. Also, the engine does not move in fuel, which does not bring additional care to the owner.

Japanese unit 4G63 from Mitsubishi

Mitsubishi does not give a position in the structure of the middle class engines. One of the most famous, who lived to this day 4G63 and its modifications. For the first time, the engine was introduced in 1982, despite the prescription, the modified version is established in our day. Some go with the distributed SOHC shaft on three valves, another modification of DOHC with two camshafts, gained more popularity. As an example, the modified 4G63 unit is installed on Mitsubishi Lancer. Evolution, different models Hyundai. and Kia. Also occurs on chinese cars Brilliance brands.

Over the years of release, the 4G64 aggregate passed not one modification, in some embodiments, a turbine was added, and the timing adjustment was changed. Such changes do not always take advantage, but as the owners note, the repairability of the unit remained the same, especially in the case of oil replacement. Millionic images include the Mitsubishi 4G63 units without turbocharging, although with careful operation and turbocharged options are rejected before a record distance.

D-series from Honda

The first five leaders closes japanese Engine D15 and D16 from Honda. More known as the D-series. This series includes more than ten modifications of these aggregates, with a volume of 1.2 liters to 1.7 liters. And really deserve the status of unnecessary aggregates. The engine power from this series comes to 131 hp, but the tachometer arrow will show about 7 thousand revolutions.

Platform for installing such aggregates served cars Honda. Stream, Civic, Accord, HR-V and American Acura Integra. Before overhaul Such engines can go about 350-500 thousand kilometers, and at the expense of well-thought-out design and right hands, You can give the engine to the second life even after terrible operating conditions.

European X20SE from Opel

Another representative from Europe is the X20SE engine 20ne family from Opel. The most important advantage of this unit is stamina. We have repeatedly been statements from the owners when the unit worried the car body. A fairly simple design, 8 valves, the belt on the camshaft drive and a fairly simple fuel injection system. The volume of such an aggregate is 2 liters, depending on the modification, the engine power ranges from 114 hp up to 130 horses.

During the release period, the unit was installed on Vectra, Astra, Omega, Frontera and Calibra, as well as on Cars Holden, OldSmobile and Buick. On the territory of Brazil, at the same time released the same engine LT3, but with a turbocharger, with a capacity of 165 horses. One of these variants of the C20xe engine was installed on racing Lada and Chevrolet and as a result, cars were marked in rally. The simplest versions of the 20NE family units can not only pass 500 thousand km without overhaul, but also with careful attitude can overcome the bar at 1 million kilometers.

Famous V-shaped eights

The engine of this group is not very famous for its reliability, but also do not bring care with small or large breakdowns. V8 aggregates can easily step up with a mark of 500 thousand kilometers can be easily listed on the fingers. Bavarians again occupied the cell due to its M60 V8, a huge plus: a double row chain, the coating of cylinders Naisal, as well as an excellent margin of engine strength.

Thanks to the nickel-silicon coating of cylinders (more often it is found like Nikasil), makes them incidentally. As practice shows, until the mark in half a million kilometers, the unit should not be disassembled, you will not need to replace piston rings. The minus is considered fuel, it is necessary to carefully look at the quality of gasoline, since the naciated coating is afraid of sulfur in fuel. In the United States, due to such a problem, they switched to a softer protection technology - Alusil. Upgraded modern option is considered M62. Installed on the BMW on the 5th and 7th series.

Six cylinders in a row

Milliones among such engines are quite a lot, simple design and balance is what leads to reliability and durability. Two engine 1JZ-GE with a volume of 2.5 liters and 2JZ-GE with a volume of 3 liters from Toyota, are considered the best in this class. These aggregates are issued simple and turbocharged.

Most often, such engines are found on right-hand drive cars Toyota Mark. II, SUPRA and CROWN. Among American cars is Lexus IS300 and GS300. Due to the simple design, such engines can easily overcome the mark of a million mileage mileage, before the overhaul is needed.

Bavarian BMW M30.

History Bavarian engine BMW. M30 stretches from the distant 1968. For the period of the existence of the unit, a lot of modifications were issued, but despite different situationsThe engine continued to proven itself as one of the most reliable. The working volume is from 2.5 liters to 3.4 liters, with a capacity of 150-220 horses. The highlight design of the unit is the cast iron unit (in some modifications it can be with a special alloy aluminum), a chain for TRG, 12 valves (M88 modification goes to 24 valves) and aluminum cylinder head.

Modification M102B34 is a turbocharged M30, 252 horses. This engine B. different modifications Install on the 5th, 6th and 7th BMW series. So far there is no data, what was the record of this engine in a run, but the mark of 500 thousand kilometers is an ordinary barrier. As many noted, this engine is often worried about the car itself.

Another Bavarian - BMW M50

The last place in the ranking of the best engines is occupied by the Bavarian BMW M50. The working volume ranges from 2 to 2.5 liters, engine power from 150 to 192 horses. A plus of such an aggregate is the finalized Vanos system that contributes to better work. In general, the previous options differ in the previous options, so the mark in half a million kilometers overcomes without overhaul.

The presented rating of the best engines is not quite complex. Yet ask what kind of auto engine is the best. Car enthusiasts may say that some units did not include on the list, but the rating was formed on the basis of durability and resource. Hybrid and electric motors are not included because of the cost, and the maintenance of such aggregates is special. Separate specimens simply do not repair at home, so they say that modern cars in most of the disposable.

Video Overview Top 5 worst engines:

Some more than 20 years ago, it was believed that the larger the volume of the engine, the better and better. Over time, everything has changed. . Trend in the auto industry of recent years is a decrease in the volume of engines, while maintaining power, which has become possible due to the use of turbines. It is worth noting that at the same time a decrease in fuel consumption is achieved, which is relevant when worldwide cost of automotive fuel becomes very expensive.

Plus, makes manufacturers of cars. Automobile companies Have a different approach to designing, creating and manufacturing engines. , others are ready to raise the car into the air at the expense. Some engines have good economy, others on the contrary.

But, of course, despite the huge variety of automotive engines, there is a small amount of power units that have become very popular in the automotive market over the past 20 years. Most car enthusiasts are known about these engines. Many of us do not even suspect that under the hoods of their cars, these are these legendary motors. We selected for you the most popular ten, which have become popular all over the world.

1) GM LS Series

No complaints. Simple engine design allowed him to become one of the most popular in the world. The combination of power, torque, size, efficiency and ease of design allows this V8 motor to be better than, OHC engines.

The famous company engine that was installed on the following stamps:

1998-2002 Firebird Formula, TRANS AM
1998-2002 Camaro.
1997-2002 Chevrolet Corvette.
1999-2005 HOLDEN COMMODORE UTE
1999-2005 HOLDEN COMMODORE (VT, VX, VY, VZ)
1999-2005 HOLDEN STATESMAN (WH, WK, WL)
1999-2005 Holden Caprice (WH, WK, WL)
1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Clubsport (VT, VX, Y Series)
1999-2004 Holden Special VEHICLES Clubsport R8 (VT, VX, Y Series)
1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Grange (VT, VX, Y Series)
1999-2004 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES GTS (VT, VX, Y SERIES)
1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Maloo (VT, VX, Y Series)
1999-2004 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES SENATOR SIGNATURE (VT, VX, Y SERIES)
2000-2002 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES SENATOR 300 (VX)
2000-2002 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé GTO (VX)
2000-2002 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES Coupé GTS (VX)
2000-2002 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES SV300 (VX)
2000-2004 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES MALOO R8 (VX, Y SERIES)
2001-2001 Omega (Prototype)
2001-N.V. Mosler MT900.
2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Clubsport SE (Y Series)
2003-2004 HOLDEN SPECIAL VEHICLES COUPÉ LE (Y SERIES)
2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé4 AWD (Y Series)
2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Avalanche XUV (Y Series)
2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Avalanche XUV AWD (Y Series)
2001-2005 HOLDEN MONARO CV8
2004 GTO.
2006-N.V. Elfin MS8 Streamliner.
2006-N.V. Elfin MS8 Clubman.

2) BMW S54

This engine has become repeatedly the best among the motors from 3.0 to 4.0 liters, starting from 2001 to 2006. Recall that the motor S54 is the modification of the engine M50.

The engine was installed on the following cars:

2001-2006 E46 M3., Power - 343 hp, Maximum torque - 365 N.M.
2001-2006 E46 M3. (Only for North America) Power - 333 hp, Maximum torque - 355 N.M.
2001-2002 (except North America) Power - 325 hp, Maximum torque 354 N.M.
2001-2002 (for North America) Power - 315 hp, Maximum torque - 341 N.M.
2004 E46 CSL Power - 360 hp, Maximum torque - 370 N.M.
2006-2008 (except US) Power - 343 hp, Maximum torque - 365 N.M.
2006-2008 E85 Z4 M ROADSTER / E86 Z4 coupe (US only) Power - 330 hp, Maximum torque - 355 N.M.

An impressive motor whose sound is impossible to convey words.

The engine more than once became not only the winner, but also the winner on the nomination on the title of the best engine in the world.

3) Ford EcoBoost V6

Family of modern engines with direct fuel injection from Ford. Technology makes it possible, despite the efficiency of using a larger engine without the use of the turbine (not on all modifications), thereby achieving an increase in power by 15-20 percent.

1.6 L ECOBOOST I-4 is used:

100 hp.

2012 - B-MAX
2013 - Fiesta.

125 hp

2012 -
2012 - C-MAX
2012 - B-MAX
2013 - Fiesta.

150 hp

2010 - C-MAX
2010 - Focus
2010 -
2010 - V60.
2012 -

160 hp

2011 - Mondeo.
2011 - S-MAX
2011 - Galaxy

185 hp

2010 - C-MAX
2013 - Fusion
2010 - S60.
2010 - V60.
2011 - Focus
2011 - V70
2011 - S80.
2012 - V40.
2013 - Escape.
2013 - Fiesta ST (Europe)

200 hp

2014 -

2.0 liters ECOBOOST I-4 Used:

203 hp

2010 -
2010 -
2010 -
2010-2011 S60 2.0T.
2010-2011 V60 2.0T.

243 hp

2010 - Mondeo.
2011 -
2011 -
2011 -
2011 - S-MAX
2012 - Falcon.
2013 - Escape.
2013 - 2
2013 - Fusion
2013 - Taurus.
2013 -
2013 -

255 hp

2013 - Ford Focus St.

2.3 L ECOBOOST I-4 Used:

280 hp

2015 - MKC.
2015 -

4) Volkswagen TFSI

Compact, lightweight and universal Motor Volkswagen works with a turbine that allows you to achieve good power values, while while remaining economical engine.

2.0 R4 16V TFSI Used:

168 hp- (C6), VW Tiguan
182 hp -
197 hp - (B7), (8p), (B6), MK5, MK5 GLI, LEON, EXEO,
217 hp - 2005 I A4 (B7) DTM Edition
217 hp - R wrc.
227 hp - VW Golf MK5 GTI Edition 30, Volkswagen Golf MKVI GTI EDITION 35
237 hp - Seat Leon, SEAT Leon Cupra MK2
252 hp - Audi S3 (8p), Golf R (Australia, Japan, Middle East and North America)
261 hp - Audi S3 (8p)
261 hp - Audi S3 (8p), Audi TTS, SEAT LEON CUPRA R MK2 face lift
267 hp - Audi TTS, Golf R (Europe)

Others TFSI engines You can see. Volkswagen engine more than once became the winner, in the nomination for the title best Engine from 1.8 to 2.0 liters. For a long time hit the top ten best motors manufactured in the automotive industry.

5) Buick V6 Series 2 3800

For the first time this engine appeared in 1962. For all the production of various modifications and generations by General Motors, 25,000,000 motors were produced by GENERAL MOTORS. The first engine was produced for a special version of the Buick car. The volume of the motor was 3.2 liters, the power of which reached 198 hp.

Motor, has undergone many improvements and modifications, produced until August 22, 2008, when it was decided to terminate the engine output. Recent years, this motor was installed on the 2007 Pontiac Grand Prix GT car.

6) Toyota 2JZ-GTE

One of the most popular Japanese corporation engines, which was made from 1991 to 2002. Initially, the inline six-cylinder motor with a double turbo inflammation was created for Supra RZ (JZA80). Toyota's engineers created this engine as an alternative to the engine.

The engine was used:

Toyota Aristo / JZS147 (Japan only)
Toyota ARISTO V300 300 JZS161 (Japan only)
Toyota Supra RZ / TURBO JZA80